/sci/ - Science & Math

First for several complex variables

Threadly reminder to work with physicists.

>>11685818
>24 years old
>6 years wasted being a NEET
>Wasted talent, wasted time, wasted education, already past the peak of my brain activity probably
>Too late to purse a career in mathematics as a researcher
>Too late to develop any productive hobbies like playing an instrument, learning a martial art or becoming fluent in a language
>Too late to pursue love since almost all decent women are already taken at this point and I'd have nothing to offer to a girlfriend because I'm a failure at everything
>Everytime before sleep dreams about using a time machine to go back and fix all those mistakes made
>No prospects of a better future, actually even thinking about the future is terrifying since there's nothing but darkness there now
>Knows it's all my own fault that it reached this point to begin with
If you're still young, whatever you do, make sure you don't make the same mistakes. Make sure that, even if it pains you phisically, you study every single day without a single day off, otherwise your future will be submerged in darkness like mine is now. Don't ever let that ray of light at the end of tunnel be extinguished lest you'll become this pathetic creature that I became, unable to live in mediocrity and too afraid to die.

>>11686028
>>24 years old
>>6 years wasted being a NEET
>>Wasted talent, wasted time, wasted education, already past the peak of my brain activity probably
>>Too late to purse a career in mathematics as a researcher
>>Too late to develop any productive hobbies like playing an instrument, learning a martial art or becoming fluent in a language
>>Too late to pursue love since almost all decent women are already taken at this point and I'd have nothing to offer to a girlfriend because I'm a failure at everything
>>Everytime before sleep dreams about using a time machine to go back and fix all those mistakes made
>>No prospects of a better future, actually even thinking about the future is terrifying since there's nothing but darkness there now
>>Knows it's all my own fault that it reached this point to begin with
>If you're still young, whatever you do, make sure you don't make the same mistakes. Make sure that, even if it pains you phisically, you study every single day without a single day off, otherwise your future will be submerged in darkness like mine is now. Don't ever let that ray of light at the end of tunnel be extinguished lest you'll become this pathetic creature that I became, unable to live in mediocrity and too afraid to die.
>>>/r9k/

>take-home topology final
>last final i ever have to worry about in undergrad
>literally the hardest test i've ever had to take
>worth 80% of our final grade
>everyone in the class is freaking out
>if i fail this class i'll need to take another semester of school which i can't afford
>due in 24 hours
wtf bros i thought this was gonna be a chill class about pretty shapes but it's all metric space and functional analysis

>>11686077
>which i can't afford
Why? You can always try again man, don't let society or family pressure you into doing anything you don't wanna do, be yourself, follow your heart.

I'm not quite understanding integration over the unitary group. It's easy to show that, for example, [math]\int U x U^* d\mu(U) = I[/math] for any [math]x[/math], where [math]\mu[/math] is the Haar measure over the unitary group in some dimension, [math]*[/math] denotes conjugate transpose and [math]I[/math] is the identity. But how do I compute something like, say, [math]\int U U x U^* U^* d\mu(U)[/math]?

>>11686088

he's probably american and has to pay 5 to 6 digits for a semester

When studying asymptotic behaviour of differential equations, why is almost all the theory restricted to critical / fixed / equilibrium points? Why not some other points in phase-space? As an example, consider Hartman-Grobman. Why does the linearization only approximate the full dynamics around a (hyperbolic) critical/fixed/equilibrium point?

Basically, what makes the critical / fixed / equilibrium points so fucking special when analyzing stability and asymptotic behaviour etc. of differential equations? Please don't give me an answer like "because the solution is constant there", I know that's what's going on, but I don't understand why that's so special or important to the analysis of the system.

Also, is there a specific theorem that shows / proves why an autonomous system of degree d can be broken down into a system of d first-order systems? Is this a theorem with a name, or just a "known fact"?

>>11686098
>5 to 6 digits
Americans really pay that much for college or are you exaggerating? Even in Harvard and MIT it's that much?

Alright bros I'm 23 and have been out of education for a little bit now, I've done shit like algebra 2 up through trig and the beginnings of calc but those are all pretty much memories at this point. Recently I've began to undergo a transformation which includes finally applying myself and now I must set my sights on mathematics.

I eventually plan on going to school for a cs major with a physics minor and in the meantime want to get up to speed on everything up to calc and linear algebra. So I'd like to start somewhere around algebra 2, anyone have recommendations? Something like Khan Academy or a more traditional style of reading a textbook and doing the exercises there?

>>11686131
>cs major
Stop, don't do this to yourself

>>11686077
Nothing chill about topology, to be desu.

>>11685986
what's the best book to learn it?
Also if you have some in french or german i'll take it

>>11686110
he's right, thankfully i got a scholarship and didn't have to pay for undergrad tuition but if i fail, that means i'd have to cough up 51,828 USD

>>11686154
Grauert

>>11686155
>51,828 USD
Jesus, drop that shit and go to Europe

>>11686155
Nightmare fuel.

does studying math increase learning effectiveness of unrelated subjects, like languages or art?

>>11685986
Based.
>>11686172
Based and Grauert-pilled.
>>11686105
Doesn't the local analysis trivialize everywhere that isn't a critical point?

>>11686229
Of course not, studying math will make you good at math, studying a language will make you good at that language and drawing/painting will make you good at art

>>11686174
>>11686204

Some degrees are worthy that much money because of practitioner regulation such as engineers and doctors. Now imagine paying the same amount of money for something like a CS degree just to get your job market outsourced to India lmao!

Where my daily putnam with qt3.14 animu grill?

Also why do people into maths hate euclidean geometry?

>>11686270

people who didn't do practical geometry puzzles in elementary school are jealous of our intuition

>>11686095
Maybe the two pdf links in there help?
https://mathoverflow.net/questions/206703/explicit-integrals-over-a-lie-group

>>11686270
I remember when daily putnams were a thing. Good days.

>>11686270
>euclidean geometry?
This is the math board, go to >>>/ic/

>>11686260
I'd probably crumble under the pressure and end up paying that sum if I had a scholarship.

>>11686270
>Also why do people into maths hate euclidean geometry?
Do they? I see why someone would prefer hyperbolic geometry, as that allows drawing all sorts of nice tesselations like Escher did, but actually hating it would seem quite odd.

>>11686284

what do you have against the greeks? are you a homophobe?

>>11686286
idk, currently on university and would say that half of them either hate euclidean geometry or find it useless. I've actually had a lot of debate on the subject and I don't get it, I understand they would prefer other investigation areas, but not that they'd hate it

>>11686310

>hate euclidean geometry or find it useless

kids like this are the reason why we lost the egyptian and babylonian techniques

>>11686351
Ah yes, the babylonian technique of how to draw a regular polygone with 74 sides
fuck off with that useless shit

>>11686270
Best I can do is posting a cute 2hu and linking to the daily putnam page.
http://abel.math.harvard.edu/putnam/
>>11686270
>>11686310
Basically, your classmates are a bunch of children.

>>11686364
Nice shirt, David.

>>11686373
Thanks, Billy.
Got a new haircut?

>>11686386
Yes. Your mom liked it last night.

>>11686393
My mom's dead, dick

>>11686407
That only makes it better.

>>11686418
>it
My mom's not an it, you piece of shit.

>>11686424
Mama's boy, grow up or get a new one.
inb4:
>i'm not a boy

>>11685818
What is this picture?

>>11686248
>Doesn't the local analysis trivialize everywhere that isn't a critical point?
how/why? Could you explain?

>>11686455
IQ needed

>>11686440
I don't need a new one, yours is already enough

>>11686489
My mother transitioned, you faggot. Do you enjoy my second dad that much? GAYBOY

>>11686497
I banged her so hard she became hetero again

>>11686516
I banged her so hard she became a lesbian. Stop reversing my actions.

>>11686457
You have a smooth vector field [math]X[/math] on [math]\mathbb{R}^n[/math], and a point [math]p[/math] such that [math]X(p) \neq 0[/math].
There's a hyperplane going through [math]p[/math] that's orthogonal to [math]X(p)[/math]. You can find a sufficiently small ball around [math]p[/math] such that, on the ball, they vector field is transverse to the hyperplane. You might have had to ask for more than transversality. You might have also had to restrict to some ball and divide the vector field by its norm (which you can do, since the norm is a smooth non-zero function on some neighborhood of p). We call the intersection of the hyperplane with the ball [math]D[/math], since it's a disk.
I think that then, the flow map [math]\Phi[/math] restricted to [math]D \times (-t, t) \rightarrow \mathbb{R}^n[/math] was a diffeomorphism for small enough [math]t[/math].

So essentially, it wasn't that Hartman-Grobman doesn't work outside of the critical point, but that you don't need Hartman-Grobman.

I could be completely making this up, tho, I'm not an ODE specialist or anything.

Oy /mg/ i'd like some guidance. I'm a freshman physics undergrad, but I really like the math and the theoretical stuff, so I don't know if i'm doing the right choice by going into physics or if should instead switch to maths and get a grad degree on theoretical physics. Redpill me please.

>>11686525
Whatever will be fine if you have the necessary talent to pursue a career in that as a researcher.

Also, Modern Theoretical Physics is practically a subfield of math already.

>>11686525

forfeit the remaining social life you have and do a double major

>>11685818
is a flat slope technically undefined, since it is really 1/0??? and if the slope of 1/0 is undefined then why isn't 0/1 undefined either but equals 0?

This thought just came to my head and I want an answer.

>>11686565
There's literally no need for that

>>11686604

must be nice not being a brainlet

>>11686599
The slope is defined as the change of y over the change of x. Because of this, a horizontal line has the slope 0, as its y-coordinate stays constant, but a vertical line has a constant x-coordinate giving you whatever/0. We could have the roles of x and y reversed, however, and then it would follow that vertical lines have the slope 0 and horizontal ones don't have it defined. I don't know if it was Descartes himself who decided to divide by the change of x instead of y, but it is more intuitive that way. I mean, think about how you would think about the slope of a mountain.

>>11686565
Unfortunately i don't have this option lol

>>11686632

>but it is more intuitive that way. I mean, think about how you would think about the slope of a mountain

not if you're an egyptboo like me, we use seked

>>11686666
Satan is that you? I will do the blood sacrifice tomorrow, I promise.

>>11686672
Cute anime gorls are good enough for now

>>11686659
It would be a waste of time anyway since things only get serious at PhD level

>>11686672

royal cubits are of divine order

>>11686028
I might be a little too optimistic since I am even younger than you but anon please don't be so hopeless. 24 years old is nothing as far as I know, you have a fuck ton of time to do whatever you want to and achieve a lot. You gave some solid advice at the end but you don't get to be exempt from your own words because you are 24 fucking years old, cunt. I don't know about the rest of the stuff but learning a language isn't all that hard. Just read a textbook and spend your regular fun time in that language lmao. Love is worthless anyway, by far a large majority of people don't find whatever the fuck love is.

>>11686131
In all seriousness: Don't waste too much time on preparation.
You'll find out, if you are made for that degree soon enough, once you dive in.
Probably depends on your country, and what type of college/uni you are going to attend, but there are massive filtering classes up ahead.
As long as you know what a high school graduate in your country knows, and you aren't a brainlet, you should be up to the task.

>>11686522
Randomly thought about this again an hour later and realized that, as long as you can restrict to some neighborhood of [math]p[/math] such that [math]\Phi : D \times (-t, t) \rightarrow \mathbb{R}^n[/math] is well defined and smooth, the inverse function theorem delivers, since you can just compute the Jacobian manually at [math]p[/math] and notice it's non-zero (which is where the transversality comes in).
I don't remember if such a neighborhood did exist, tho.

What's the most basic algebraic structure? A semigroup?

And the most complex? A field?

>>11686791
A monoid?
That's what my 1st year engineering text says anyways :^)

>>11686659
Stay in physics, math guys never learn physics as far as I've seen.
The other direction seems to be a little bit less the case.

>>11686806
>Engineers
Urgh, even I know that a monoid has two porperties while a semigroup only has one, dummy

>>11686809
Theres this saying: a mathematician must be good at math, but a physicist must be good at physics and math

>>11686791
"basic" and "complex" are not opposite of each other. In fact it's usually the opposite, things with very little required structure tend to be very complicated whereas things with lots of structure are much simpler.
You can generalize semigroups a step further if you want, by dropping the associativity requirement, but by this point you're getting so general you can barely say anything.

>>11686791
I don't think basic<->complex is a good dichotomy.

>>11686814
"good at math" is different for the two fields, as practiced in their respective departments. I don't want to pint those against each other.

>>11686812
Weird. My book doesn't define monoid's binary operation to be associative. In fact it defines semigroups as being associative monoids.

why do mathematicians leave a "principal primitive (undefined) concept" as the basis of their axiomatic systems? as in the concept of "belonging" in axiomatic set theories?

>>11686825
show us a system with no undefined terms and we'll adopt that instead

>>11686791
Magma is probably the most basic you can have. Rock-paper-scissors actually gives a commutative & non-associative magma.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ssG2euSszIM

>>11686833
im gathering its unbelievably difficult to define primitives.. similar to how the simplicity of a conjecture is related to the difficulty of proving it, ie goldbach

im betting godel fits in here somewhere

>>11686845
>similar to how the simplicity of a conjecture is related to the difficulty of proving it, ie goldbach
Almost all simple conjectures are very easy to prove. The handful of conjectures which are exceptions to that pattern are interesting in no small part because they are exceptions.
>im betting godel fits in here somewhere
im betting you have no idea what godel means

>>11686825
It's not clear to me what you're asking, can you rephrase?

>>11686028

Dude, you are 24, shut the fuck up.

>>11686854
if there are undefined primitive concepts in axiomatic systems.. was it not godel who said ywn have a self consistent (and/sor self describing) axiomatic system describing mathematics?
does leaving an undefined primitive from which u derive axioms not interfere with making a self consistent system?

>>11686872
hey I was right

>>11686818
>different for the two fields
Nope, at the end of the day math is math, and a theoretical physicist must know math at the PhD level if he wants to do research. On the other hand, a PhD mathematician probably only studied Young and Freedman

>>11686834
>magma
What the hell, never heard of that shit, guess you learn something new every day, is that useful for something?

>>11686310
>>11686286
Assuming you're in the US, could it be b/c geometry class is the place where proofs are typically introduced? We had to do idiotic "double column proofs" most of the time, could definitely cause a lot of people to hate the subject

>>11686110
>>11686098
I looked at tuition abroad for universities out of curiosity. I wanted to die.

>>11686632
Okay thank you!

I have another question for you, I was sitting around thinking about this undefined concept and I came to the conclusion that undefined*zero = all numbers.

1/0 * 0/x = 1/x or any number between 1/∞ ,1/1, -1/∞ or all real numbers

where x is any real number

if you drew all of the slopes of 1/x you would have a 2d plane or all numbers between 1 and infinity.

I haven't take advanced mathematics yet but I do want to know how a slope is defined in a 3D plane and how it could relate to it. I know that this is all stuff that has probably been discovered but I just like playing with numbers and finding out their properties.

>>11686880
what made you this way?

>>11686845
the axioms end up defining the undefined primitive concept

>>11686895
I can't honestly think of anything other than showing how associativity and commutativity are independent properties. Clearly associativity does not imply commutativity, but it requires reducing to magmas to show that commutativity does not imply associativity. If we consider the rock-paper-scissors game, denote the options by R, P and S, and define the outcome of the operation X*Y to be the winning choice of X and Y. Then we have:
RR = RS = SR=R
PP = PR = RP=P
SS = SP = PS=S
from which we see that this RPS-magma is commutative, but
(RP)S = PS=S
R(PS)=RS=R,
and hence not associative.

>>11686913
>Assuming you're in the US
Nope.

>>11686914
I'll let others fill in the details should you have some other questions after this, but let's address your idea that you can multiply undefined by anything. Since this "undefined" is not a number, we would need to extend multiplication somehow to make this concept work, and this would have to be consistent with the multiplication of actual numbers. Basically, there would be two possibilities:
(1) multiplying undefined by distinct numbers would give distinct values;
(2) undefined would absorb every number like 0 does.
Assuming consistency, we could only have one value for the product of a number and undefined, and this leads to those two possibilities. In either case, 0*undef would give precisely one outcome, so we would not get all numbers.

Nighty night~

Holy fucking shit guys, my mind is blown:

[math](x^2+y^2-1)^3=x^2y^3[/math]

Check the graph for that, it's awesome

>>11686077
Which year is it? I don't remember doing anything functional analysis related in topology. I used top in func analy though

>>11686887
>math is math
I don't know mang,
this
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1306.0533.pdf
feels very different than
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1509.05363.pdf

But anyway, I was mostly trying to be diplomatic in a /mg/ thread.

>>11686791
>>11686834
Magma is a good answer if we search for something very concise and be sure it's surely algebraic.

I sort of have the intuition that operads are more autistic and presumably more general, but I always get lost when I look at those definitions. And they for sure are longer and have more properties, but the interpretability of one thing in the other makes the question more murky.

It must also be said that infty-categories loosen up the equality =, while a plain magma inherits a simple equality from the underlying logic. In those higher categories, given two things x and y, their relation isn't just "x is y" or "x not y", but it's higher homotopies all the way down.

>>11686825
>>11686845
Yeah, this >>11686950.
The things are defined there by how they can be made use of.
I mean if you don't grant this, then it's almost tautological that you'd have primitive notions.

Even if most systems still end up giving rise for a huge array of formal semantics.
Funny enough, in the end this indeed comes back to Gödel a bit.

>>11686970
Why don't you fucking post the graph instead of a Chinese schoolgirl comic pic?

https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=%28x2%2By2%E2%88%921%29%5E3%3Dx2y3

>>11686979
>Why don't you fucking post the graph instead of a Chinese schoolgirl comic pic?
Don't you wanna have your mind blown as well? It would be no fun if I just posted it and spoiled the sense of discovery that you will feel when you see the graph

Also I learned about that formula from an anime so you better show some respect for my chinese cartoons

>>11686970
>>11686986
I like this one a little better, personally

>>11686991
I remember I do have some plots of my own

>>11687015
But the formula for that one isn't as elegant as the one I posted, although the heart is more beautiful, that formula is ugly as fuck and don't transmit the feeling of love

I think Stephen Wolfram said the most basic structure he could think of in mathematics would be some collection of n-tuples (at least 2 such n-tuples) where at least the n-tuples share at least one element (representing a connection, i.e. a structure)

So something like (3,4,9) and (2,1,4) where the two 2-tuples share the element '4'.

Can /sci/ come up with a mathematical structure that's even more basic?

>>11687017
>>11687029
>(x^2 + (3/2)^2 y^2 + z^2 - 1)^3 - x^2 z^3 - (3/2)^2/20 y^2 z^3 == 0

posted on /sci/ 3306 days ago, lel

>>11687045
>He has a 'OP is a fag' paste
Holy shit
Also, did sci even exist in 2011?

speaking of which, I came across this guy who has animation output every day

https://twitter.com/matthen2

>>11687069
I think I was pointed here in 2008 and I have this 2011 post where I was communicating with Josef, witnessing very consistent avatar fagging for 10 years

How can I become a legend in mathematics?

>>11687123
I've been thinking and it looks like the time where mathematicians became legends by creating an entire new field is over, the laymen remember Newton and Gauss because they were creators, but they have no idea who Mochizuki or Mac lane are, on the other hand everyone knows who Perelman and Andrew Wiles are and they're not creators but problem-solvers.

Therefore I think we're in the era of problem-solvers, so if one wants to become legendary in this day and age one needs to solve an unsolvable problem, do you agree?

>>11687148
Not sure about your reasoning. One difference is also that Newton and Gauss worked in fields indispensable to practical use and their fields are old enough to have been refined in a way that's learnable, early on, by non-mathematicans.
They also both had more fame and status in their own time.

"everyone knows who Perelman and Andrew Wiles" may also be an overstatement.

>>11687123
get me the function of prime numbers

>>11687171
oh shit double primes, triple primes, damn son u almost got quad primes

>>11687171
Is it guaranteed to exist? If it is then I'll dedicate my entire life to finding it and become a legend

>>11687202
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formula_for_primes

>>11687212
I'm gonna do it them, I'm gonna make it, wait for me world, you'll all know my name one day!

so you're trying to tell me math starts at the bottom with an undefined primitive,
declares "axioms", whose very truth value is dependent upon the logical fallacy,
>everyone thinks this is true thus its true
about this primitive,
and then proves theorems and conjectures by deductions of these literal phantoms of nothing?

>>11687357
>so you're trying to tell me math starts at the bottom with an undefined primitive,
>declares "axioms", whose very truth value is dependent upon the logical fallacy,
>>everyone thinks this is true thus its true
>about this primitive,
>and then proves theorems and conjectures by deductions of these literal phantoms of nothing?
Yes.

What the hell is Gauss-Konrod Quadrature and how is it different from Gauss-Legendre Quadrature?
I can't find anything online that draws a distinction between the two besides "lel Gauss-Legendre can be used to find Konrod points go fuck yourself"

>>11685818
Building convolution without integrals is interesting.

>>11687212
I really wonder how on earth Lurie has the time to write so much shit.
Higher Topos Theory isn't even the longest thing he's written by a pretty big margin and he has piles of smaller papers that are a few hundred pages apiece. Writing 4000 pages of ANYTHING in under 20 years is a pretty crazy volume, let alone densely packed research-level mathematics. He's outputting category theory at the rate of a schlock romance novel spammer.

>>11687045
>>11687017

do you know of any papers/ books that snuck one of these meme graphs in?

>>11687446
I mean, that's the standard for modern researchers, nothing really exceptional here, especially considering that category theory is one of the hardest fields to do research in.

>>11687446
But then again, who says that it's good prose. I also write a bunch of notes all the time.

>that snuck
?
I don't know of any list of those, if that's what you're asking

>>11687459
>I mean, that's the standard for modern researchers, nothing really exceptional here
what in the actual fuck are you talking about

>>11687472
Are really an academic? Is your country top tier at math? That's pretty much what we all do man

>>11687481
what is? writing book drafts?

>>11687481
>Is your country top tier at math?
ah, it's another backwater copelet trying to shoehorn his country in even though we're talking about an American
I understand now

Have you ever been to U Tokyo?

>>11687517
I study there

>>11687487
Writing paper, books, developing your field of choice etc
>>11687491
Huh? I asked because it's easier to find serious researchers in top countries in mathematics

>>11687525

Are you asian? I've an opportunity to spend some time there but from the videos I'm watching there aren't many exchange students like in my country. Feels like I would have a bad time there as a minority.

>>11687550
You're willing to let this chance escape because you're afraid some strangers will look down on you for the sole fact that you weren't born on that country? Grow some confidence in yourself. Yes, you will be looked down on by some people, but there will also be plenty of others who will treat you with respect and maybe even open up to you if you have a nice personality, actually those people will probably be the majority. This life is too short to give up on chances like that because you're afraid of other people.

>>11685818:
brainchads
if f(x) has inflection point at kx + n, then lim x->inf (f(x)/x) = k and lim x->inf (f(x) - kx) = n

this is not obvious to me:
lim x->inf (f(x) - kx) = n

>>11687610
in this sense

>>11687610
>if f(x) has inflection point at kx + n
What is this supposed to mean? A line is not a point.

>>11687621
where f(x) = kx + n, actually this is asymptote not just inflection?

Firstly, maths is gay. Secondly, I want to fuck the math tranny. EEchad out

>>11687633

glorifiedCSkid out*

>>11687633
>math tranny
?
There's like 3 or 4 of those

>>11687610
>>11687621
>>11687627
nvm i went to take a shower and realized it, i was trying to intuit it the same way as kx.

since lim x->inf (f(x)/x) = k and kx + n = y which y when taken the limit is equal to f(x), then n = f(x) - kx in the limit form

>>11687689
so lim x-> inf ( kx + n = y)
lim x-> inf ( kx + n = f(x))
lim x-> inf (n = f(x) - kx)
lim x-> inf (f(x) - kx) = n

>>11687647
Who cares? More for me.

I wanna study foundations, but logic is boring as fuck and Set Theory is too hard for me. Would Category Theory be ideal for me?

>>11685756
>Just personal preference: mostly selection of the topics, writing style and prefer the exercises. Additionally in Germany you start undergraduate mathmatics by taking Analysis 1-3(1-4 in some unis) and Lineare Algebra 1&2.
In the US (as I've heard- no idea if this is correct) you take analysis later (not in the first semester of undergraduate) and the courses are shorter (1-2 semesters) so it's expected the german books will be a bit better suited for the german curriculum which is longer and starts earlier.
I'd say Ana/Lina courses are 80-90% the same but there's definitely some small differences between professors. It would probably be best to find out the name of the professor for next semester and check if you can find an old course page with the used literature.
Anyway if you study any of those books well b4 next semester you'll be running laps around your peers.
Just remember (if this is your first semester) those books will be quite a difference to high school material; don't worry if u struggle a bit. Just remember to read the exercises first, then the chapters and do at least some of the exercises for each chapter. Also try to prove statements yourself b4 reading the proofs in the books. Have fun! (also in the last post I obviously wanted to compare Amann/Escher to Forster, not Fischer)

Thank you for your answer. I know im several hours too late, but maybe you read this and even if you dont I think its the right thing to do to say thank you. I will start today.

https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/16/science/john-conway-math.html

>>11688095
this is impossible. it's like trying to separate 2 chainlinks by twisting and rotation. for each outer loop the other two form an indirect second chainlink, it's a chainlink by indirect recursion you can add more recursive calls but if it forms a loop around which you can rotate the last loop and this is true for all loops, it's impossible to sepparate them because it's impossible to separate 2 chainlinks.

>>11688197
basically it's an infinite loop by indirect recursion

G M M G

>>11686979
>Magma is a good answer if we search for something very concise and be sure it's surely algebraic.
By my interpretation of the question, magma is [math]\mathfrak{the}[/math] one true answer to that. I mean, the question itself radiates undergradiness, and so on.
>I sort of have the intuition that operads are more autistic and presumably more general, but I always get lost when I look at those definitions. And they for sure are longer and have more properties, but the interpretability of one thing in the other makes the question more murky.
They most likely are more general. I wouldn't be surprised if one could construct a "magmoid" using them in the sense that categories allow the consideration of groupoids and are themselves what I would call monoidoids. This is just a gut feeling based on the infinity category structure(s) and the wiggle room one obtains by going higher, though. I've never needed them myself, so I haven't checked the details.

>>11686970
Now I want banana juice. Or carrot, or cranberry.

>>11687045
Does the FuckYou produce a middle finger?

>>11688095
I'm just a dirty tourist in these threads but I find things like these fascinating on multiple levels

>>11686229
No. There is no well demonstrated skill transfer training in existence. Most of the components of cognitive function associated with high performance in subjects like Mathematics and Physics are genetic, innate, and immutable by late adolescence (and any augmentation of cognitive function from childhood will eventually vanish in early adulthood so early life interventions are useless as well). You are literally the consequence of the decisions of many generations of your ancestors, if they were retarded niggers you will suffer the same fate.

>>11688252
Feels bad man.

>>11688034
>>11685756
Do you have a pdf version of the Amann/Escher Analysis 1 book that comes with bookmarks for the different chapters and subchapters? Even with the springer version you have to manually scroll trough the book which is annoying.

>>11688349
Here you go, king

http://93.174.95.29/main/993809FB76AB5C7450854F0724C1FFC8

>>11688355
Thanks, does only the english version have chapters?

>>11688374
Tut mir leid, I didn't realize you were looking for the German version. I took a look around but unfortunately seems like only the English version has the bookmarks.

But thanks, I am trying to learn German so maybe reading the English and German side by side will help me a bit.

>>11688241
choke on your juice tranny

>>11688397
Kein Problem, i can still make it work. How do your work around the problem that there are no answers for the exercises? Do you just google them incase youre stuck?

>>11688095
I don't like how mathematician are such fucking fanboys (and this doesn't just go for Conway), but at least this articles has some nice pics.

Reminder:
https://www-app.uni-regensburg.de/Fakultaeten/MAT/sfb-higher-invariants/index.php/Regensburg_low-dimensional_geometry_and_topology_seminar
>Richard Webb (University of Manchester)
>Quasimorphisms on diffeomorphism groups
>I will explain how to construct an unbounded quasimorphism on the group of isotopically-trivial diffeomorphisms of a surface of positive genus. As a corollary the commutator length and fragmentation norm are both (stably) unbounded, which solves a problem of Burago--Ivanov--Polterovich. The proof uses a new hyperbolic graph on which these groups act by isometries, which is inspired by techniques from mapping class groups. This is joint work with Jonathan Bowden and Sebastian Hensel.

>>11688400
Not today.

>>11688708
>Reminder:

Reminder: Don't walk your cat today

>>11688718
I wish I had one. At least there are at least 3 cats roaming the streets around the place where I live, so I can technically walk myself with the cats.

im an actual retard. how do i derivative x∗e^x? apparently there should be a + in there but i dont understand where it comes from

>>11688738
f(x) = x, g(x) = e^x. Then you have f'(x)g(x) + f(x)g'(x), and well you know f'(x)=1, g'(x)=e^x.

>>11688745
ty anon, i thought i was supposed to use chain rule.

>>11688411
I should probably clarify that I am not the guy you were talking to before. I saw you asked for a book with the table of contents so I just decided to look at libgen and see if I could find it.
I am a beginner myself so I probably shouldn't be giving any advice since it is probably wrong, take whatever I say with a grain of salt. Most math books will not have solutions manuals and that's generally not a problem, even for self learners. Yes, you can google to question or ask it in a place like here or (problably better) math stack exchange but better would be just not giving up. You won't solve most problems in a short amount of time, that's just how it is. You need to look back at the previous problems, reread the material, maybe read a bit of an another book. You can take a few days to solve a set of exercises if you think you are getting closer to a proof. If you can't make any progress than you should consider going back and making sure you actually understand the chapter. And then if you give up after making some progress, you take a look at the answer which you can usually find by googling and asking forums which is generally easy. It is hard to find a complete solutions manual but it is also kind of useless to have a complete solutions manual.

Also really unrelated but wanted to say I appreciate Germans (you might be Austrian or Swiss but pretty similar to me). I spent 2 months with a exchange student from Germany and became friends with another German at the same time and they were really nice people.

Today I'm browsing through
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2001.05778.pdf

>>11688732
>I wish I had one.
If you really with that, then get one.

Looking forward to your cope reply.

>>11688763
Maybe after I move out of the dorm. No pets allowed. Probably not, though. Being allergic sucks.

>>11688752
No problem.

>>11688095
holy shit, John Conway died? Fuck that's news to me, and sad.

[math] \dfrac{d}{dt}e^{X(t)} = e^{X(t)} \dfrac{1 - e^{ -\mathrm{ad}_{X(t)}}}{\mathrm{ad}_{X(t)}} \dfrac{dX(t)}{dt} [math]

[math] \dfrac{d}{dt}e^{X(t)} = e^{X(t)} \dfrac{1 - e^{ -\mathrm{ad}_{X(t)}}}{\mathrm{ad}_{X(t)}} \dfrac{d}{dt} X(t) [/math]

>>11688754
Yes that makes sense, ty for your help. Good luck and have fun with your math studies

>>11688831
Danke schön!
You too, have fun.

[math] \log(x) = \int_0^\infty \left( {\mathrm e}^{-t} - {\mathrm e}^{-t\, x} \right) \dfrac{ {\mathrm d} t}{t} = \int_0^x \dfrac{ {\mathrm d} u}{u} [/math]

>>11688843
How hard is it to learn german to the point I can understand math books?

>>11688913
Hell if I know, haven't learned it myself yet. I just know a couple phrases and really basic sentences. But I am not a native English speaker and learning English to the point where I could understand math textbooks was really easy. So I assume and hope that it's not that hard for German as well. And it's not like I did anything special for Math, once you can read English shitposts, you should be able to read English math books, right? I hope both of us viel Glück anon, German seems like a really nice and useful language.

>>11688913
I haven't used German since 2010, and I can pretty well guess for example what >>11688718 is about. It would take some time to get to the level where I could actually translate that instead of just knowing it's about how ZF set theory isn't enough to give proofs to all of its statements. Sure, context helps (Gödel), as do some key words like Axiome, Beweismethoden, nicht (the overall negativity of this text helps quite a lot!) and so on. Combining that with the fact that yours truly is essentially a drooling retard, I would assume you would start getting the basic ideas within a year, or maybe even 6 months.

>>11685818
>tfw actual boomer going back to uni to do a second undergraduate degree in CS
>thinking of double majoring in math
should I? and if so, should I do:
>general math
>applied math
>statistics

>>11689090
I'd guess that it's not too hard to read math in other languages - at least some of the algebraic geometry people seem to read Grothendieck without knowing French.

That pic was Gödels 1930 paper btw., which as a paper itself happens to have more than a few wikipedia pages dedicated to it
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_proof_of_G%C3%B6del%27s_completeness_theorem
and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_Formally_Undecidable_Propositions_of_Principia_Mathematica_and_Related_Systems
and of course all the derived presentation

On another note, I just came up with this curious series

[math] \log\left(\dfrac{x}{y}\right)= \sum_{k=1}^\infty\dfrac{-(-\omega)^k}{k}\dfrac{x^k-y^k}{k!} + \int_{y}^{x} e^{-\omega t}\frac{dt}{t} [/math]

where [math] is a free-to-choose scale factor. E.g. what also works is

[math] \log\left( z \right)= \lim_{\omega\to \infty} \sum_{k=1}^\infty\dfrac{-(-\omega)^k}{k}\dfrac{z^k-1}{k!} [/math]

That said, I'm searching for a fast converging series representation and that one doesn't seem to be all that great. If anybody has a clue, let me know.

>>11689090
I'd guess that it's not too hard to read math in other languages - at least some of the algebraic geometry people seem to read Grothendieck without knowing French.

That pic was Gödels 1930 paper btw., which as a paper itself happens to have more than a few wikipedia pages dedicated to it
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_proof_of_G%C3%B6del%27s_completeness_theorem
and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_Formally_Undecidable_Propositions_of_Principia_Mathematica_and_Related_Systems
and of course all the derived presentation.

Pic related is the 1859 Riemann hypothesis uttered. I really like that paragraph.

On another note, I just came up with this curious series

[math] \log\left(\dfrac{x}{y}\right)= \sum_{k=1}^\infty\dfrac{-(-\omega)^k}{k}\dfrac{x^k-y^k}{k!} + R [/math]

with explicit small rest [math] R = \int_{y}^{x} e^{-\omega t}\frac{dt}{t} [/math] .

where [math] \omega [math] is a free-to-choose scale factor. E.g. what also works is

[math] \log\left( z \right)= \lim_{\omega\to \infty} \sum_{k=1}^\infty\dfrac{-(-\omega)^k}{k}\dfrac{z^k-1}{k!} [/math]

That said, I'm searching for a fast converging series representation and that one doesn't seem to be all that great. If anybody has a clue, let me know.

>>11689090
I'd guess that it's not too hard to read math in other languages - at least some of the algebraic geometry people seem to read Grothendieck without knowing French.

That pic was Gödels 1930 paper btw., which as a paper itself happens to have more than a few wikipedia pages dedicated to it
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_proof_of_G%C3%B6del%27s_completeness_theorem
and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_Formally_Undecidable_Propositions_of_Principia_Mathematica_and_Related_Systems
and of course all the derived presentation.

Pic related is the 1859 Riemann hypothesis uttered. I really like that paragraph.

On another note, I just came up with this curious series

[math] \log\left(\dfrac{x}{y}\right)= \sum_{k=1}^\infty\dfrac{-(-\omega)^k}{k}\dfrac{x^k-y^k}{k!} + R [/math]

with explicit small rest [math] R = \int_{y}^{x} e^{-\omega t}\frac{dt}{t} [/math] .

where [math] \omega [/math] is a free-to-choose scale factor. E.g. what also works is

[math] \log\left( z \right)= \lim_{\omega\to \infty} \sum_{k=1}^\infty\dfrac{-(-\omega)^k}{k}\dfrac{z^k-1}{k!} [/math]

That said, I'm searching for a fast converging series representation and that one doesn't seem to be all that great. If anybody has a clue, let me know.

is 160iq to 115iq the same as what 130iq is to 85iq? how linear is the relation?

>>11689093
>actual boomer
You're literally a sixty year old man?
Anyhow, you shouldn't.

>>11686791
You can always try to come up with more "complex" or general structures but, for example, every ring is a [math]\mathbb Z[/math]-algebra, so you can think of [math]R[/math]-algebras for any ring [math]R[/math] to be a more complex structure. But then you can create a sheaf of algebras over a topological space, which is a generalisation since an algebra is a sheaf over a point in that language. But then you can consider stacks, which is an even further generalisation, and so on.

>>11689229
No, there are diminishing returns on iq because our systems of language have not been developed for 160 iq people to express their ideas

>>11689250
oh... was thinking math would help to get in to things like machine learning

exaggerating about being a boomer, i'm close to 40 ;_;

>>11689333
i don't know if you misunderstood, i mean is the difference from 160 to 115 about the same as 130 to 85?

Brainlet/mathlet here.

Can someone clarify something that's been bugging me about the distributive property and how the order of operations should affect when it is applied? Here's an example of what I mean - lets say the values are a=3 b=4 c=5 d=6 (but it really doesn't matter).

a/b(c+d) - 8.25 according to google calculator

I understand that the distributive property is, well, a mathematical property, and the order of operations is just arbitrary syntax and all that, but if presented this problem what do the chad mathematicians do to work through it?

Do they assume multiplication by juxtaposition and apply the distributive property, go against the order of operations, keep parenthesis and get

a/(bc+bd) 0.068181

OR stick to peninmyass and work through it left to right this way, not applying the distributive property

(a/b)*(c+d) - 8.25

OR even apply the distributive property, remove parenthesis for some reason and get

a/bc+bd - 24.15

I've tried googling it, every explanation just deals with a(b+c) and explains that this is the same as ab+ac, I understand that. I also understand how google calculator gets it's answer obviously, but then when should we actually apply the distributive property? Any time we could use it to solve for a variable it would be completely useless if preceded by division (if using PEMDAS), even if it logically works. Is that just how it is?

>>11689349
do what you want man, fuck the haters

>>11689229
More or less, between someone who's 150IQ and someone who's 140IQ, there's a very huge difference, despite them being 'only' ten points afar.

>>11689090
>within a year, or maybe even 6 months.
Holy shit that much? I'll just learn japanese then

My only reason to visit this thread is gone.

>>11689504
What was it?

can someone give me intuition for adjoints of linear maps? im reading about them and i cant quite grasp what is going on

>>11689516
I think it's some anime week larping as another person saying that that anime weeb (himself) should come back

>>11689172
Yes and a lot of people I know also cite Serre and Cartan without knowing (too much) French.
>That pic was Gödels 1930 paper btw
Nice. I remember trying to read it back in the days, but I didn't understand anything.

>>11689486
That is not much, anon. Why not use the time to develop skills in a language you could eventually use to read maths papers you were interested in instead of learning a language you can use to watch anime without subs?

>>11689516
Yukari, I would assume.

>>11689536
>Yukari, I would assume.
He literally posted a few moments ago >>11689250

>>11689536
This isn't bad
https://www.amazon.com/Introduction-Theorems-Cambridge-Introductions-Philosophy/dp/0521674530
(second edition exists), even if I don't understand with his (Smiths) philosophical outlook

>>11689536
This isn't bad
https://www.amazon.com/Introduction-Theorems-Cambridge-Introductions-Philosophy/dp/0521674530
(second edition exists), even if I don't understand with his (Smiths) philosophical outlook

see
https://www.math.wisc.edu/~miller/old/m571-08/smith.pdf

>>11689536
>Why not use the time to develop skills in a language you could eventually use to read maths papers you were interested in instead of learning a language you can use to watch anime without subs?
Is there even any relevant non-translated papers in german? Also Japan is just as relevant as Germany in the math community and japanese culture is much more than just anime, in fact, I barely watch anime anymore, but I still love that country and its culture deeply, maybe learning their language will also help me get a job there someday

Look how comfy it must be to be a mathematician.

>>11689562
>Hurr durr look at all these figures math is awesome bros just look all the shapes and forms that's math

>>11689554
I wish I had energy to read that. I'll save it and maybe read it some day. Thanks.

>>11689558
>Is there even any relevant non-translated papers in german?
I don't know. You were asking about that stuff, so it would make sense that it is relevant to your interests. How about you learn the language and find out?

>>11689349
>40
Damn... Jesus... I feel like a jerk for saying this, but I guess it's better than deluding you... I'm really sorry man, but it's too late for you now, at least in STEM.

>>11689571
Start now. Now. Read for 20 minutes. I believe in you.

>>11689578
Why would it be?

>>11689585
I'm 24 and it's already too late for me. It's a harsh world out there, all that's left for us is to search for something else to do in this life.

>>11689571
I'll learn japanese and if I can master it within 1 one year then I'll learn german

>>11689581
Sorry but I can't. I don't have it in me.

>>11689593
Nice reasons. I am extremely convinced now.

>>11689599
>Nice reasons. I am extremely convinced now.
Your brain activity declines after 24, you're too far below the others who started way younger, you have to deal with things like work, it becomes harder to learn and memorize new things, it becomes harder to create a study habit etc

But hey, go for it if you want, I'm just giving you the harsh truth of this world, it crushed me as well, I know how you feel, I don't have the stenght to move on anymore, but maybe you can who knows

>>11689395
You want to resolve via order of operations.
>a/b(c+d)
>3/4(5+6)
>3/4(11)
>0.75*(11)
>8.25
Distributive property says
>(a+b)*c = ac+bc
so
>3/4(5+6) = 15/4 + 18/4 = 33/4 = 8.25

Too late for what? I'm not following your logic.

>It's too late to eat Spaghetti now, I'm already 47

Maybe this will cheer you up:

[math] J^3 = j^2 J \implies \exp(z\,J) = E + \dfrac{\sinh(z\,j)}{j} J + \dfrac{\cosh(z\,j)-1}{j^2} J^2 [/math]

where [math] j [math] lives in some field.

>>11689613
I hope the anon will give it a try and succeed. Getting a STEM degree isn't too hard.

>>11689634
Thanks, spent about an hour trying to reconcile the ideas, got there on my own in the end. I wish I could just accept concepts without overthinking them.

>>11686028
literally me

>>11689613
You're a lazy fucking bum who is just rationalizing being a lazy fucking bum. Mathematicians do their best work in their 30s and 40s. If you like something just fucking do it.

>>11689526
bump

>>11689526
No. Think for yourself.

>>11689831
Nah, it's already over for me, I've already accepted reality, cute words from someone who never experienced what I did won't change my mind, sorry.

>>11689866
i tried thinking for myself but i need help

>>11689546
>He literally posted a few moments ago
Das rite.
>>11689526
My entire intuition is literally
>the adjoint go [math]\langle Ax, y \rangle = \langle x, A^* y \rangle[/math]
Plus those results about images and kernels.

And it works.

>>11689896
Think harder

>>11689962
do you have any deeper intuition about inner products?

>>11690013
Yes, but it's all very generic.
>dude just orthogonally project [math]u[/math] onto the line spanned by [math]v[/math] and multiply [math]v[/math]'s norm by the norm of the projection

>>11690044
Actually not quite the norms, but you get the idea.

>>11688913
I can't speak specifically towards German, but I would imagine it's very easy. Mathematical language is quite formal (meaning little "rule-breaking" that pisses off language learners) and repetitive and all the "hard" vocabulary you'll meet will be math terms.
I can read mathematical French without too much trouble and I can't do anything more complicated than ordering food in French

>>11686110
Harvard and MIT are more expensive than most schools. When I was an undergraduate in the US, school was about $6,000 USD per semester and cost of living was about $5,000 per semester.

I'm an undergrad, but I'm not sure about grad school. What is a good programming language to have in my pocket if I want to work after undergrad?

>>11690167
Java, Python, C++ are the languages normies learn to get work somewhere

But Haskell and C are the languages real mathematicians learn

Your choice, become a slave for some company or transcend into a true mathematician

>>11689526
literally just the transpose in arbitrary dimension

Why is 1/E(X) < E(1/X) for a fair six-sided die?

If I haven't proven any new result when I'm 23, is it over for me?

>>11690100
Do you drink prune juice?

>>11690191
That would be a little too much, I'd say if you're not at a masters level in 23 then it's pretty much over yeah, brain activity declines after 24 so you'll barely be able to create anything new if you're not in a PhD during that time, I know this from experience

AHHH BABY RUDIN IS BLOWING MY MIND AHHHHH

>>11690226
I wonder if there are people out there learning Analysis from scratch using Baby Rudin, most people probably use it as a second book.

>>11690226
Why's that. I'm going through it myself for the first time.

>>11690207
It sucks that you were smart but given the opportunity to shine too late. You would have revolutionised the whole subject. Instead of being the brightest star in the night sky going eventually out as a supernova, circumstances dictated that you were to blink for a while and then simply collapse to a black hole.

>>11690044
yeah, but thats euclidean only, what bout inprods in general?

>>11690184
any intuition on transposes? rotate, reflect matrix, which to me is like breaking the transformation into two, and one is same, one changes stretch flip to flip stretch, but whats the deal?, why is that necessary for preserving inner products and are there any algebraic or geometric structures interesting from that?

>>11690207
>i'm stupid so everyone else is

>>11690191
stop reading s'much and start exploring

>>11690269
Mock me as much as you want, I don't care anymore, life already broke me, I accept all humiliations now, I know it was my own fault I failed to begin with

Prove (ℵ2)^ℵ1 = 2^ℵ1

>>11690283
>are there any algebraic or geometric structures interesting from that?
Orthogonal/unitary group I guess

>>11690183
>true mathematician
Wouldn't a "true mathematician" manually write a Turing machine program using a magnetic needle on a traditional HDD while including the Turing machine to run it in machine code?

>>11690183
>>11690320
Sorry but TRVE MATHEMATICIANS only use Coq, LaTeX and OCaml and don't even touch computers otherwise.

>>11690285
Maybe you failed or maybe you "failed", but I don't like seeing people give up because someone on a Tibetian finger painting forum told them they will not make it because they are too old to even give it a shot. Let them take the risk, let them succeed or fail trying. It's better to break than to bend and so on. I also speak from experience when I claim that such words can really affect such choices. I go through the "I'm going to send my resignation to my supervisor tonight" phase 4-7 times a week, and should I encounter a post confirming that the stuff I struggle with is undergrad material or something in that vein, I could actually let Elizabeth spend my grant on her dogs' food instead. So I don't like your style of prophecising other people's failure before they have tried to go against the stream with varying degrees of success.

How important is winning a honorable mention in the Putnam Competition? Would it be a differential if I want to apply for a PhD in an Ivy League for instance?

>>11690343
You are right, I am sorry, I was just talking about my own failures to give a more realistic perspective, but who knows, he might make it, differently from me.

>>11690329
[math]\LaTeX[/math] is Turing-complete, so I'm not quite sure what you are trying to allude to.

>>11690551
>[math]\LaTeX[/math]is Turing-complete
Is that good or bad? I know nothing about CS.

>>11690565
it means latex is a computer

>>11690565
it means its sentient

the best amount of variables in a math equation is 0

Will the Putnam still be held this year?

>>11690860
Of course, this chinese communist virus won't stop us, keep mathematics out of bloody politics

>>11690289
Tell.

I'd guess that it's hard to gauge the size of 2^ℵ1.

>>11690860 #
Of course, this chinese communist virus won't stop us, keep politics out of mathematics

Will these poor anons end up having Putnam flashbacks? Be it how it may, gee en em gee.

>>11690329
>Sorry but TRVE MATHEMATICIANS only use Coq, LaTeX and OCaml
And VLC to watch some anime girls

>>11690226
Don’t be afraid to look at other resources then get back to Rudin, anon. It can help to have the new perspective

>>11690226
Where are you at in it?

>>11690289
[math]2^{\aleph_1}\leq (\aleph_2)^{\aleph_1}\leq (2^{\aleph_1})^{\aleph_1}=2^{\aleph_1\cdot \aleph_1}=2^{\aleph_1}.[/math]

>>11685818
What does /mg/ consider to be the best complex numbers book (>>11689182)

>>11690376
the math PhDs I know at my ivy-like didn't take the putnam. put it, it can't hurt

is wildburger a quack?

hello mathchads, i have a very simple problem for you, didn't want to make a new thread:

let's say i have a normal coin and i flip it n times: at the end i should get n-2 heads and n-2 tails, more or less.

my question is, can i state with let's say 99% confidence that the coin is rigged and it's not 50/50 but let's say at least 75/25? how many flips do i need to get the 99% confidence in that case and how does the number of flips change if i lower the skewness?

tl;dr how do determine with 99% confidence that a coin is rigged?

>>11691801
>n-2
bruh, i meant n/2 obviously

>>11691801
standard deviation of binomial distribution. 3 standard deviations is 99.7% "confidence" in the bayesian interpretation (which is the wrong interpretation, btw)

Do I *have to* learn physics for a Bsc. Math? I'm like the only math undergrad who finds physics boring and suck at it. I would rather do biology.

>>11691807
is this correct?

>>11691814
uh I assume you input a certain number of flips but yeah. this is right. standard deviation of binomial distribution scales as [math]n*(0.5)^2[/math] for a probability of 0.5. Just multiply this by 3 to get the std dev for 99.7% "confidence" interval based on the number of flips you have.
just please remember bayesian stats is not based.

>>11691813
if you're an undergrad math major who doesn't like physics, just look into advanced physics topics. QFT is almost zero """physics""" and mostly math. all of my math friends loved it. but no, you obviously don't need to do math. do you think terrence tao did physics?

>>11691815
yeah right, pic related was with 20 flips, thanks

>>11691817
Honestly yeah I think Terry did physics in high school. Only reason I'm asking is because taking physics is correlated with high GRE scores at least for my uni. My """advisor""" recommended me to take a BA in math instead of a BSc. I think I will just stick with improving my GPA for now even if it means not taking physics.

>>11691828
I don't know what BA vs BSc means. I have a BA in physics so the name doesn't mean anything. Do what you like, don't worry about GRE scores because the test either means nothing or is incredibly easy.
I think for math it means nothing and for physics it means the most but still doesn't mean that much. having good research is above all.

How do I into LaTex? I want to practice it by writing my notes on pc

>>11691877
just do it? find something you want to tex up and do it. latex is not hard to learn you just have to do

>>11689536
False assumption. I'm definitely not thinking about Yukari or comfy Yukariposts.

>>11692180
Comfy broken latexing.

>>11691356
looks to me like you merely used what's to prove and arrived as B=B

why did no one tell me how op the squeeze theorem is in analysis

>>11692256
I told you. You didn't want to listen.

Same with the other 4 theorems.

What does 2+2 equals to?

>>11692269
In what characteristic?

>>11692316
i don't know?
Numerical result?

>>11692319
what's the characteristic of the field I mean

>>11692319
[math]2+2\in \{ 0, 1, 4\}[/math].

>>11692322
= i think.

>>11692322
>>11692323
I was never a fan of this witticism, given [math]=4[/math] subsumes the other two.

>>11692363
Oh don't be grumpy, anon.

>>11690320
This seems unlikely, since in contrast to you, a true mathematician would know what a Turing machine is.

>>11691789
If it looks like a quack, talks with a quack, and walks like a quack, it probably is.

>>11692323
101% of /sci-tards know for absolutely certain that 2+2 is 4. They were told in preschool or 1st grade to memorize it, and they were rewarded for obeying and punished for any different answer. That is why they become hostile when you deviate into talking about any "meaning" of those symbols.

>>11692421
Didn't read.

>>11692415
That's hopeful

>>11692215
Remember that inequalities between cardinals means there is an injection from the first into the second. The first two inequalities come from the property of cardinals that says for all [math]\kappa, \lambda,\mu[/math], if [math]\kappa \leq \lambda[/math] then [math]\kappa^{\mu}\leq \lambda^{\mu}[/math]. The conclusion comes from the Cantor Schroder Berstein theorem that says if [math]\kappa\leq \lambda[/math] and [math]\lambda \leq \kappa[/math] then [math]\kappa=\lambda[/math]. I guess you should also know that the power function dominates the cardinal successor function for the second inequlaity.

Guys I have the most dumbass simple high shool math question, there is no /sqg/ thread up, is it okay to ask here?

>>11686088
I hate hippies

>>11692442
There is (>>11689206), but the butthurt caused by someone asking such questions in these threads is entertaining. Please share your worries.

>>11692451
I figured out the answer just by writing up my dumb ass question in detail as an initial response to your post, so thanks man

>>11692444
same

>>11692442
>/sqg/
What board actually has an /sqg/ instead of an /sqt/? I don't think I've ever seen that name before.

>>11692498
You're welcome, I guess.

>>11692498
What a tease

Mathematics is the best form of escapism from this cursed reality.

>>11692591
oh i thought this was the one about doing acid and having an ego death

>>11692613
>>11692591
this one

What are the subjects I need to study in order to get a good score on the Putnam? Any books recommendations?

>>11692439
you seem to be using
ℵ2 <= 2^ℵ1
and that's not evident to me

>>11692591
I'm a nonmath brainlet but it is soothing

>>11692635
>thinking the Putnam is about "subjects"
NGMI

>>11689593
Pussy.

>>11692717
It's about what then?

What even is the putman? Is that one of that math olympics or something? I really hate that kind of stuff.
Or is it something from india?

>>11692740
Putnam problems are not hard because they use advanced mathematics, they're hard because they're hard.
Any math sophomore has all the tools necessary to solve 99% of Putnam problems. Everybody who even writes the test knows all the "subjects" that are on it.

>>11692748
It's pretty much that, a US thing.

>>11692751
No shit sherlock, what I wanted to know was which subjects are covered by it, I know the difficulty is because the problems require a lot of creativity but even then they are part of a certain subject covered during undergrad, what I want to know is what are those subjects exactly? Abstract algebra, differential geometry, Differential Equations?

>>11692707
This is what I meant when I said the power function dominates the successor function for cardinals. [math]\aleph_2[/math] is the cardinal sucessor of [math]\aleph_1[/math], that means it is the smallest cardinal greater than [math]\aleph_1[/math]. By Cantor's theorem, [math]2^{\aleph_1}[/math] is greater than [math]\aleph_1[/math], so [math]2^{\aleph_1}[/math] must be at least at least as big as [math]\aleph_2[/math]. This is true in general (assuming choice of course), for every cardinal [math]\kappa[/math], then [math]2^{\kappa}\geq \kappa^+[/math], where [math]\kappa^+[/math] is the cardinal successor of [math]\kappa[/math]. Equality holds if GCH is true.

>>11692770
NGMI

I am not good at math, but when I was working my job at a sausage factory today I noticed that if I were to stack hot dogs in a symmetrical mountain shape where the above layer was always the below layer -1, the numbers which in binary read only as 1 followed by whatever number of zeroes would never go higher than the bottom layer. Is there anything to read about this?

>>11692782
You're useless, stop projecting.

I'll stop asking questions here, looks like this place has been infested with dumbshit these days, with a quick search on Google I found the answer to my question on quora:

https://www.quora.com/What-topics-in-math-does-one-need-to-know-to-do-the-Putnam

>>11692796
you talk like a br
do they even write the putnam down there?

>>11692798
It's a similar one called OBM

>>11692756
It's something from Nueva India then.

>>11692798
How do Brazilians tell each other apart? I don't see how you realized he was Brazilian from the way he wrote.

>>11692798
Have some respect when talking to Verbitsky.

>>11692821
>down there
He's not a monkey, lad.
However, I'm also very curious.

>>11692821
meme magic

>>11692825
That pos didn't even learn portuguese yet despite living in this shithole for several years

>>11692821
>I don't see how you realized he was Brazilian from the way he wrote.
asking questions backwards puts him south of the equator with pretty much 100% accuracy
hair-trigger seethe and edgy anime pic means br is the most likely guess

>>11692772
ah, thx

>>11692838
>asking questions backwards
You mean the normal way?
Every romance language asks question like that btw.

>>11692847
Nope, french is the opposite
>Parlez vous français?
>Speak you french?

Reading pic related rn, does this shit gets good at some point? Pretty boring so far

>>11692852
Technically the correct phrasing in portuguese is
>Falas francês?
>Speaks french? with ellipse of subject
, the usage of
>Você fala francês?
>You speak french?
Is just degeneration.
Pretty sure spanish is the same.

>>11692867
>degeneration
Language is a social construct, lad, It keeps changing as time passes, nothing degenerative about it

>>11692847
>Every romance language asks question like that btw.
Sure, but every other ESL understands that English _doesn't_ ask questions that way. For some weird reason it's basically an exclusively South American quirk to carry it into English, which is why it's kind of distinctive.

>>11692864
I have never read a pop-math book that was good

>>11692882
Which ones did you read? I started reading that one because it was recommended in 'How to Study as a Math Major'

>>11692880
Yah, but usage of "você" has some absolute shit aesthetics to it.

>>11692891
Examples?

>>11692898
Basically, it:
>makes inappropriate use of verbs conjugated in the third person (since você is technically a "your majesty", "your excellency" style pronoun)
>disencourages ellipse of the subject (as exemplified earlier)
>substitutes the correct singular second person pronoun, "tu", which sounds cool
>also substitutes the correct plural second person pronoun, "vós", which has all the best verbal conjugations (você is singular and vocês is plural btw)

>>11692831
Sorry, didn't mean disrespect. I didn't use the phrase "down there" though, where did you see it?
>>11692834
Seems logical.
>>11692838
Really observant. I am impressed. I will be on thr lookout for huehues in the future.

>>11692970
>I will be on thr lookout for huehues in the future.
What do you think we are? Pokemons?

>>11693023
yes.

>>11693023
Potential friends. Hi, nice to meet you. I have a Brazilian friend from São Paulo, he calls me Alberto even though that's not my name. What should I call you?

>>11693037
I'm not here to make friends, the world of math is a competition, I'll destroy you

>>11692835
A relative of mine lived in Portugal for like 20 or 25 years. She says Brazilians speak an abomination that shares its words with Portuguese. Assuming she is correct, Misha wouldn't benefit from learning Portuguese.

>>11693087
A sidenote: Frenchies make themselves visible by asking things with a space before the question mark!

>>11693087
There seems to be a pattern that all countries don't like the colonial dialect of their language
frogs hate Quebecois French, and it's basically a universal stereotype that American accent = moron

>>11693101
And that can also happen even inside a single country. On the wrong side of Hadrian's wall, you can encounter strange gibberish unintelligible for most, yet still called English. What a strangle world this is.

>>11693087
She's retarded, brazilian portuguese is closer to traditional portuguese than Portugal's portuguese

>>11693080
Okay, I wish you luck mate.

>>11693134
I would imagine that to easily be the case. A similar thing can be seen to have happened to Icelandic and the other Scandics:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9l5N1XTTEps
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s-mOy8VUEBk (I know this is a joke, but the language sounds pretty much like that to a foreigner)

>>11693127
>you can encounter strange gibberish unintelligible for most, yet still called English.
But brazilian portuguese is not like that at all, anyone from Portugal can understand perfectly anyone from Brazil, in fact it's easier to find gibberish like you said in the small cities of Portugal.

>>11693167
I never said either Portuguese would be like that.

>>11693178
Look at this: https://youtu.be/u7efyRaaTUU

That's gibberish portuguese kek

>>11693087
The portuguese give all sorts of convoluted arguments about how portuguese portuguese is superior.
But the brazillian will gaze into your eyes and say "Nigga, literally open up a video of a brazillian speaking portuguese, a video of a portuguese person speaking portuguese, and notice how the portuguese genuinely sound like inbred retards."

>>11693184
All Portuguese sounds like gibberish to me, so I can't really say. I give you this in exchange https://youtu.be/LIHwqDMgbhw

>>11693204
The photos she showed of her surroundings in Porto looked like some post civil war Yugo country, so maybe they are going through a devolution of some sort.

>>11693225
>All Portuguese sounds like gibberish to me, so I can't really say. I give you this in exchange
Learn portuguese faggot it's the definitive romantic language
>https://youtu.be/LIHwqDMgbhw
Kawaiiiiiiiiiiii

>>11693266
I guess I could. It would probably be more useful that Greek or Hebrew which I have been thinking about, besides I studied the basics of Latin back in the days, so I would already have a stepping stone. I'll add that to the list of maybe-some-day-but-probably-never list.

>>11693293
How old are you? If you're over 24 it's practically impossible to learn a new language, I say this from experience

>>11693309
Not a problem since I'm only 27!

>>11693339
>27.
>Monolingual
>Still posting on 4chan
NGMI bro

>>11693357
>Monolingual
If I was monolingual with English this broken, I'd be an Amer... I'd never even dare post anything anywhere because I'd be too ashamed of myself.

>>11692785
Provide proof you work at a sausage factory

>>11693366
What's your native language then? Your english is perfect bro

>>11693384
Eastern Euro stuff. Thanks but I think I mess up my prepositions and word orderings.

>>11693401
Why do we have to suffer

>>11693429
Live with the pain so that you can use maths for escapism. You will grow big and strong. Unless you are over 24, as then you will only grow big around your waistline. I know it from experience.

>>11693464
Fuck you I'm gonna make it

>>11693552
That's the spirit! (Unless you are older than 24, as by then your soul will have died...)

>>11692864
hello Winnie

>>11693643
What?

>>11693646
https://www.flickr.com/photos/-_-winnielam/6630673861/

>>11693652
Fuck, delete this please

>>11693266
>definitive romantic language
french

>>11686146
shush frogposter. CS majors can easily make 6 figures. It's better than having no degree.

how do i get interested in math?

>>11693204
>>11693134
Yet the average Brazilian is much more retarded than the average Portuguese. It is common knowledge that you can tell them apart in writing by looking at their grammatical and spelling mistakes. A Brazilian will always commit an error of those, they write how they talk, their language is a niggered down version of European portuguese. Not to mention that Brazilians are much more entitled to their language.

>>11694130
>Caring about the masses
At an academic level Portugal has become far below Brazil.

>>11686028
Dude you do realize that our generation will probably live to be at least 120-150 right

I mean hell they may even reverse aging in our lifetime

a few years mean nothing if you can live for centuries or even millennia

>>11693778
Post a pic of your bare soles and I will.

>>11694365
that`s a pretty good offer, you should take it up

>>11693778
She used the same username on other social media too oh no no no. So this is the type of girl that posts on 4chan.....

>>11692864
imagine deleting all your posts instead of posting soles like I asked. BAKA

>>11694738
laaame