/diy/ - Do It Yourself

>>707542
Try this:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemophobia

>>707542
>/diy/, how do you purify water on an extremely limited budget?
Unless you live in the southwest or certain cities with know crap quality city water there's no reason for secondary filtration.
To filter 99% of everything you need multiple stages. You then end up with water that doesn't have any minerals in it so it tastes like crap.

Filtration to the levels you're requesting is going to cost money you clearly don't have, so stop being such a paranoid faggot about it, or save up some money.

I installed a 20-inch filter canister (with 20 micron filter) right after my main shot-off valve for only $45. But that's because I have a well and without the filter I would be replacing my sink aerators constantly because of sediment.
Filtering bulk contaminants is really all it's good for and since it won't filter out anything smaller than 20 microns.

For hard water I would have to add a softener system. But just like large capacity carbon filters those systems take up space and money I don't have at the moment.

>>707542
What country are you in? Here in USA they have these "Glacier" and "Windmill Express" machines everywhere where you can get a gallon of near-distilled quality water for 15-30 cents.

>>707542
Sodium fluoride is good for you

>>707549
Guys, I'm talking water in general, anywhere. How would I, for instance, filter acid rain? Would I need to further purify distilled polluted seawater? How about water from a river downstream of a factory that indiscriminately dumps stuff in it? All of these and tap water included, I would like to make a filter that can handle all of these water sources and output water without any kind of contamination besides a certain percentage of minerals. Besides, if this purification method would work as well as it should, the fluoride would be removed in the filtration process as well, right? I would appreciate any help you can give. Really.

bump

>>707578
Basically, you're saying you want a Phased Disassembler Array, and you want it for $20, and you're not saying why.

>>707578
You can't build a one-size-fits-all filtration system without ending up with 5 stages of filtration. In order to know what the minimum you need is you have to characterize what it is in the water source you're trying to purify that would need to be neutralized or removed before it's safe to drink.

There's sediment, bacteria, parasites, bulk chemicals, iron, calcium, Ph, lime, copper, salt, and many others. Each contaminant has a filter type or types that can filter it out.

Distillation and Desalinization will do 80% of the above. The remaining 20% would required specific application requirements.

>>707800
That's fascinating. So how would I test for various kinds of impurities? And okay, let's assume for the moment that I have an unlimited budget. I'm going for the minimum possible, which could be ginormous for all I know, but that's not really all that important compared to how to set up a system.

>>707806

Well if you wanted to filter everything its going to cost around half a million dollars. Atleast thats how much I believe it cost my company to install are UPW ( ultra pure water ) system. Of course drinking semi-conducter grade purified water would kill you.

>>707807
you are correct. i phrased the initial post extremely poorly. how about "most of the crap taken out but not all of it?"

bump

http://newsoffice.mit.edu/2014/need-a-water-filter-peel-a-tree-branch-0226

>>707549

>phobia attached to "well founded concern"

Seems like whoever came up wit that term didn't know what the fuck they were talking about.

>>707542
Activated charcoal is one of the ingredients in a brits filter, as well as ion exchange resins that actually do a very great job of getting everything except for water out.

>>707800
>distillation
>80%

How the....seriously? You change the phase and it still carries some shit along with it?

wat de fak

>>707941

Volatility. Were you not in class that day?

>>707945
Probably not, I was probably out back smoking a j. 420 blaze it, amirite ;^)

>>707578
you don't have to filter acid rain. Acid rain is not dirty, it's acid, so pouring in a base until the pH is 7 - 8,5 will do. For example you can use sodium hydroxide solution.

You living in North Dakota or somewhere in the south??
-filtering will generally cost ya BUTTT!!!

1. UV line filter(make it yourself with UV bulbs(google), clear water line that is UV PROOF, and lots of bends and shit, will KILL most virus' and bacteria if setup right
2. Chemicals is something that is different for each chemical involved. Generally speaking it is a reductive system you are looking at, ie tossing used materials, activated charcoal, paper filters, aquarium filters, sand, gravel.

For most homes, the mains, unless its flaming, can be cleaned with less commercially sourced materials, think non name brands($$$), cheap(charcoal from whole salers and internet), self setup(NO autoshutoffs and chips that countdown to filter death).

GET A KIT AND TEST THE DAMN WATER FIRST!!!

I'll just leave this here.

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/dr-susanne-bennett/drinking-water_b_1680027.html

>>707807
i'm going to need a source on this bullshit. there's no way pure water will harm you.

Distillation is probably your cheapest bet. On a large scale, the amount of energy necessary to boil water is incredible, but for a single person, it's probably cheaper than the incredibly complex filtering systems you'd need to get the same kind of purification. Distilled water is really really clean, and pretty easy to do.

>>707806
>So how would I test for various kinds of impurities?
Testing strips. This kit will cover all of the key components of what you would want to filter.

http://www.omega.com/googlebase/product.html?pn=WTS-480104

Nitrates in particularly are a good marker of the water probably being laden with bacteria or parasites.

If your area has any residential well heads there's likely to be a business or two in your area that will run a full suite of tests for you from a water sample you provide for $40. They'll give you a printed report of the resulting levels.

Since I have a well on my property I have to get it tested every year or two. I also have to chlorinate the well myself at the same interval and it really just involves dumping a measured amount of bleach into the well head then running water through out to it with a hose for 2 hours. Followed by a 6 hours flush into a storm drain.
>>707950
>Acid rain is not dirty, it's acid
All rain is "dirty" to some degree because it's been traveling through open air while in suspension in the cloud, then falls through air again as precipitation. It's a hell of a lot cleaner than the vast majority of ground level or running water sources though. But how clean it is will depend on the air quality of the region it's falling in.
>>708003
>>there's no way pure water will harm you.
Water is a universal solvent. That's why it's so useful biologically, and all of the cleaning products you buy in spray bottles are 60% to 80% water.
ULTRA PURE water is an amazingly potent solvent. Ingesting it would be dangerous.
Drinking water needs to include minerals because without them the water you ingest would strip minerals from you as you drink it. This would eventually lead to you losing minerals rapidly through your urine and bowels.

But we're not talking about basic distilled water here. You're welcome to go buy that at the supermarket just to taste how awful it is. All of the TASTE you get from water is because of the mineral content.

>>708003

Not him but it's elementary science.

Regular water is hypertonic; pure water is hypotonic. If you drink enough of it, your cells absorb it and eventually burst. Fucks up your electrolytes. Kills you in high enough quantities.

>>708017
Further reading on demineralized water.
http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/nutrientschap12.pdf

And if OP is still looking into water filtration as a matter of expediency level survival gear there's plenty of products available for that. But it seems clear he doesn't even really understand what it is he wants or why he wants it. Which is why we can't make any specific recommendations.

Water treatment isn't as simple as it seems. Most of the general guides online are about further filtration of an already otherwise potable water source (municipal tap water or a well).
The more specific guides are about preparation of water when camping. In general that's nothing more than how to recognize a "safe" water source, pre-filtering it, then boiling it so you don't die of dysentery caused by Giardia, Cryptosporidium, or others parasites/contaminants.

>>708023
>http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/nutrientschap12.pdf

That was a lot more fascinating than I expected. Thanks for posting it.

>>708023
okay riddle me this: I've found this for nonpolluted water sources: web.mit.edu/ watsan/ Docs/ Other%20Documents/ KAF/ KAF%20booklet%20final%20Jun05.pdf
but if i wanted to purify the water of organic chemicals such as pharmaceuticals, again, fluoride, chlorine etc. how would i do it?

>>708023
also this looks promising for purifying the water of inorganic substances such as mercury and arsenic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2266886/

>>708105
link doesn't work. it's called a kanchan filter

>>708003

Just look up UPW ( Ultra pure water ).

Once you get water to a certain purity its pretty nasty stuff. The water at my company has to be constantly circulated because if its ever left standing in the pipes it will start to eat through them. Also it taste horrible, just absolutly disgusting.

But ya, once it gets to this purity even a glass of the stuff can start to harm you. If I remember right are biologist on staff said it can start to cause Hyponatremia if drank as it leaches out the minerals in your body.

Though as a side note are stuff is a bit more pure then what they use at the factories ( though not much since it can only get so pure ) since are place is for research and development.

>>707806
>unlimited budget
reverse osmosis, literally no better way to get any purer in significant quantities...
The machines are readily available, but one that could reliably supply a home would run in the thousands to tens of thousands of $$$...
Also, the resulting water is too pure to actually drink, you have to add some minerals to make it drinkable.

>>708160
just like salt water it isnt exactly poisonous in a small quantity
would not make a habit out of drinking it though
(electrolyte imbalance makes you feel like shit and could drop you)

>>708018
>>708017
Utter, utter rubbish.

Water is already hypertonic; if it weren't, it wouldn't hydrate you, and every living thing on earth would be dead.

Water out the tap is 99.999 percent water. 99.99999999 percent water does not and cannot magically become aqua regia.

Water enters your body through your digestive system; it's not injected straight into your bloodstream. There is not one single path by which water can flow into your bloodstream; it must always pass through the cells in your intestines.

The only way it's going to "kill" you is by not providing a micronutrient that is not present anywhere else in your diet. If doing that is killing you, then McDonalds is killing you.

>>708160
Ultrapure water is circulated so that impurities from the pipes are caught and filtered out. If it could eat the pipes, circulating it would make it eat the pipes quicker.

If it's left standing all that happens is it turns into normally-pure water.

>>709050
You're acting awfully high-and-mighty for someone who is so demonstrably wrong. You even stated evidence that contradicts your assertions in the first half of your post.

Ultra pure water will "eat" pipes you run it through if they're not selected for exceptional chemical stability. And yet you claim this more aggressive chemical receptive liquid won't be dangerous for ingestion.

It's not that it isn't providing a nutrient, but that it will be absorbing nutrients from your digestive tract as it passes through it.
That's the same thing it does when "eating" pipes.

You need to read this
http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/nutrientschap12.pdf

>>709050
>tap water
>99.999%
That number would be correct for a cheap reverse osmosis unit, not tap water which has to go through quite a bit of piping.
Knock off at least 2 decimal places...

>>707542
well first you'd need to know the exact chemicals in the water, then know the temperatures they boil off, then manage to build a home made distiller that can handle evenly heating at near-exact temperatures.

if you're worried about chemicals op, you are going to run your money, its as simple as that.

Even the rig I just described would set someone back a bit.

Although unlike with brewing, I don't think you'd need to actually be using a steel pot, could get away with aluminum and that pot itself is a good chunk of the associated cost.

Grew up on pond water using a system sort of like this

>>707542
You can opt for a Reverse Osmosis system for around $200 on amazon, which will last around a year for all 5 stages of filters. Not really worth trying to invent your own magical charcoal filters.